IMPACT OF PROBLEM SOLVING AND DISCOVERY STRATEGIES ON ATTITUDE, RETENTION AND PERFORMANCE IN GENETICS CONCEPTS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

IMPACT OF PROBLEM SOLVING AND DISCOVERY STRATEGIES ON ATTITUDE, RETENTION AND PERFORMANCE IN GENETICS CONCEPTS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Introduction

Science education is an indispensable tool for national development because the economic and political strength of a nation is mostly assessed in terms of her performance in science and technology (Olarinoye 2001, Otuka 2006 & Wasagu 2007). In view of its importance to nation building, the Federal Government of Nigeria emphasized the teaching of science and technology at all levels of education in the country as stipulated in the National Policy on Education (FRN, 2013). This advocacy is sometimes inconsistent with various reform initiatives around the globe for both science and mathematics curricular and classroom practices. For instance, the need to develop students‟ understanding and scientific literacy by using inquiry and problem – solving experiences and skills acquisition, has been emphasized in the United States reform document of the American Association for Advancement of Science (AAAS, 2006) and National Research Council (NRC, 2006) which are also adopted in the teaching of basic science such as Chemistry, Physics and Biology. Biology is a branch of science that deals with the systematic study of life. Biology as a science subject, has many branches notably Zoology, study of animals and Botany:the study of plants. Biology has other concepts under it such as ecology, microbiology, evolution, genetics and many others. Biology serves as a pre-requisite or a core subject to many science disciplines notably human medicine, food technology, agriculture, pharmacy, veterinary medicine and health education. It is reflected as a requirement for admission into science-based courses at Universities, Colleges of Education, Polytechnics and other tertiary institutions. 2 In spite of the strategic position of Biology among other science and science related disciplines, students‟performance hasconsistently been below expectation and unimpressive.Oloyede (2008) reported that, the failure rate inBiology examination culminated in to the poor performances of students over the years. Biology is one of the natural sciences that the level of students‟ performance was below expectation. In this vein, the performance of students in science is reflected on how well they understood science concepts and it boiled down to how well the instructor is giving the instruction (Jegede, 1996).

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